How are 4-cycle engines lubricated?

In a 4-cycle engine, lubrication is achieved by forcing oil directly to the engine components that require lubrication. This method is essential for ensuring that all moving parts, such as the crankshaft, camshaft, and various bearings, receive adequate lubrication to reduce friction and wear during operation.

This direct lubrication system typically involves an oil pump that circulates oil through various channels and passages to deliver oil precisely where it is needed. This process helps maintain optimal engine performance and longevity by preventing overheating and reducing the risk of component failure.

The other options involve alternative lubrication methods that are not standard in modern 4-cycle engines. For example, mixing oil with fuel is common in 2-cycle engines to provide lubrication, whereas the use of a vaporized mix is not an effective lubrication strategy for these engines. A sump system is utilized for oil storage and collection, but it does not directly characterize how lubrication is delivered to the components.