What is the purpose of a supplemental oxygen system aboard an aircraft?

The purpose of a supplemental oxygen system aboard an aircraft is primarily to ensure pilot and passenger safety at higher altitudes. As altitude increases, the oxygen levels in the atmosphere decrease, which can lead to hypoxia—a condition where the body does not get enough oxygen. This is particularly critical when flying at altitudes above 12,500 feet, where supplemental oxygen becomes necessary to maintain proper physiological functioning.

In scenarios where there is a rapid decompression or when flying at high altitudes, the availability of supplemental oxygen allows the crew and passengers to maintain alertness and cognitive function, preventing the potentially life-threatening effects of low oxygen levels. This safety measure is vital for ensuring that both the flight crew and the passengers can effectively respond to any emergency situations and maintain a safe operation of the aircraft, making passenger safety paramount in aviation protocols.