Why is total aircraft weight important in flight planning?

Total aircraft weight is a critical factor in flight planning because it directly impacts the aircraft's performance, particularly during takeoff and landing. Each aircraft has specific performance limits that must not be exceeded to ensure safe operations. These limits are influenced by the weight of the aircraft, which includes the airframe, fuel, passengers, cargo, and baggage.

When calculating takeoff distances, for example, higher total weight requires a longer runway length due to the increased amount of lift needed to become airborne. Additionally, the climb rate, cruise altitude, and landing requirements are all affected by weight. Therefore, understanding and calculating total aircraft weight is essential for ensuring that the aircraft can safely operate within its performance capabilities for a given flight and that it complies with regulatory standards.

In contrast, while the number of passengers, fuel prices, and safety inspections are important considerations in aviation, they do not directly relate to the fundamental performance characteristics determined by total aircraft weight.